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The Eugenics Review Apr 1946
Topics: Birth Rate; Netherlands; Vital Statistics
PubMed: 20982104
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica... Oct 2018
Topics: Birth Rate; Community Health Nursing; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Home Care Services; Home Childbirth; Humans
PubMed: 30198112
DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13441 -
Journal of Assisted Reproduction and... May 2022To investigate embryo retention (ER) rate in embryo transfer (ET) cycles and its effects on reproductive outcomes in a large database.
PROPOSE
To investigate embryo retention (ER) rate in embryo transfer (ET) cycles and its effects on reproductive outcomes in a large database.
METHODS
A matched retrospective cohort study in a tertiary academic hospital-based reproductive center. A total of 15,321 ET cycles were performed from January 2008 to December 2018. Each woman was matched with three separate control subjects of the same age (± 1 year), embryo condition, main causes of infertility, and type of protocol used for fresh or frozen ET cycles. The main outcomes were ER rate, and implantation, clinical pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, and live birth rates.
RESULTS
The overall incidence of ER was 1.4% (213/15,321). There was no difference in the rate of ER rate in fresh ET cycles compared with frozen transfer cycles (P = 0.54). We matched 188/213 (88%) of cases in the ER group to 564 non-ER cases. There were no cases of the blood in the catheter seen in the ER group. Pregnancy outcomes were similar between the ER and the non-ER cycles: clinical pregnancy rate (31.3% vs. 36.1%, P = 0.29), implantation rate (26.2% vs. 31.3%, P = 0.2), live birth rate (20.3% vs. 24%, P = 0.53), ectopic pregnancy rate (0.5% vs. 0.4%, P = 0.18), and miscarriage rate (10.7% vs. 11.3%, P = 0.53).
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that ER rate does not affect the reproductive outcomes including clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, and live birth rate. Patients and physicians should not be concerned about the retention of embryos during transfer since there is no effect on pregnancy outcome.
Topics: Birth Rate; Embryo Transfer; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Humans; Live Birth; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Rate; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35243568
DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02450-y -
Science (New York, N.Y.) Jul 2011Projections of population size, growth rates, and age distribution, although extending to distant horizons, shape policies today for the economy, environment, and... (Review)
Review
Projections of population size, growth rates, and age distribution, although extending to distant horizons, shape policies today for the economy, environment, and government programs such as public pensions and health care. The projections can lead to costly policy adjustments, which in turn can cause political and economic turmoil. The United Nations projects global population to grow from about 7 billion today to 9.3 billion in 2050 and 10.1 billion in 2100, while the Old Age Dependency Ratio doubles by 2050 and triples by 2100. How are such population projections made, and how certain can we be about the trends they foresee?
Topics: Age Distribution; Birth Rate; Demography; Emigration and Immigration; Female; Forecasting; Humans; Life Expectancy; Male; Mortality; Population Dynamics; Population Growth; Uncertainty; United Nations
PubMed: 21798936
DOI: 10.1126/science.1208859 -
JBRA Assisted Reproduction Jul 2021Previous studies have indicated that culture media vary in efficiency and outcomes, such as live birth rate, birthweight and embryo quality. Does Vitrolife G5 series...
Previous studies have indicated that culture media vary in efficiency and outcomes, such as live birth rate, birthweight and embryo quality. Does Vitrolife G5 series culture media result in higher live birth rates and birthweight compared to other common culture media? This study is a systematic review based on the PRISMA criteria. Relevant search terms, mesh terms (PubMed and Cochrane) and Emtree terms (Embase) were identified. We searched the literature using PubMed, Embase and Cochrane, on November 10, 2019. The inclusion criteria involved published articles in English comparing Vitrolife G5 to other common culture media. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0 and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Primary outcomes were live birth rate and birthweight. Secondary outcomes were fertilization rate, implantation rate, biochemical pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, multiple pregnancies and congenital malformations. Of 187 articles screened, 11 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria: Five RCTs and six retrospective cohort studies. Only one study reported live birth rate, showing a non-significantly higher live birth rate for Vitrolife G5 media. Birthweight had equivocal results with three of six studies, showing significantly lower (2)/higher (1) birthweights, whereas the others were non-significant. Overall, there were no significant differences concerning secondary outcomes. The results are equivocal, and we need more studies to evaluate culture media and their effect on short- and long-term health.
Topics: Birth Rate; Birth Weight; Culture Media; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Humans; Live Birth; Pregnancy; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic
PubMed: 33710837
DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20200099 -
Fertility and Sterility Nov 2021
Topics: Birth Rate; COVID-19; Health Facilities; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Masks; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Reproductive Medicine; Telemedicine
PubMed: 34756326
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.08.047 -
Fertility and Sterility Dec 2021To study how the choice of the first assisted reproductive technology treatment type affects the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) in couples with high sperm DNA...
OBJECTIVE
To study how the choice of the first assisted reproductive technology treatment type affects the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) in couples with high sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI).
DESIGN
Longitudinal cohort study.
SETTING
University-affiliated fertility clinic.
PATIENT(S)
A total of 2,713 infertile couples who underwent assisted reproductive technology treatment between 2007 and 2017 were included in the study. All in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments (up to three fresh treatments and all associated frozen-thawed embryo transfers) offered to the couples by the public health care system were included, in total 5,422 cycles.
INTERVENTION(S)
None.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
The primary outcome was the CLBR. The secondary outcomes were the fertilization rate and the miscarriage rate. The IVF and ICSI groups were defined according to the method applied in the first treatment cycle.
RESULT(S)
In the IVF group, the CLBR values were higher for couples with normal DFI compared with those for couples with high DFI (≥20%) (48.1% vs. 41.6% for conservative CLBR estimate and 55.6% vs. 51.4% for optimal CLBR estimate after adjustment for female age, respectively). No DFI-dependent difference was seen in the ICSI group.
CONCLUSION(S)
Our results demonstrated that a high DFI predicts a statistically significantly lower CLBR if IVF and not ICSI is applied in the first cycle of assisted reproduction.
Topics: Adult; Birth Rate; Cohort Studies; DNA Fragmentation; Female; Humans; Live Birth; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Pregnancy; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; Spermatozoa
PubMed: 34376283
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.06.049 -
British Medical Journal Mar 1978
Topics: Birth Rate; Female; Fertilization; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Schizophrenia; Seasons
PubMed: 630207
DOI: No ID Found -
JAMA Network Open Oct 2021Timely access to clinically appropriate obstetric services is critical to the provision of high-quality perinatal care.
IMPORTANCE
Timely access to clinically appropriate obstetric services is critical to the provision of high-quality perinatal care.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the geographic distribution, proximity, and urban adjacency of US obstetric hospitals by annual birth volume.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
This retrospective population-based cohort study identified US hospitals with obstetric services using the American Hospital Association (AHA) Annual Survey of Hospitals and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid provider of services data from 2010 to 2018. Obstetric hospitals with 10 or more births per year were included in the study. Data analysis was performed from November 6, 2020, to April 5, 2021.
EXPOSURE
Hospital birth volume, defined by annual birth volume categories of 10 to 500, 501 to 1000, 1001 to 2000, and more than 2000 births.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Outcomes assessed by birth volume category were percentage of births (from annual AHA data), number of hospitals, geographic distribution of hospitals among states, proximity between obstetric hospitals, and urban adjacency defined by urban influence codes, which classify counties by population size and adjacency to a metropolitan area.
RESULTS
The study included 26 900 hospital-years of data from 3207 distinct US hospitals with obstetric services, reflecting 34 054 951 associated births. Most infants (19 327 487 [56.8%]) were born in hospitals with more than 2000 births/y, and 2 528 259 (7.4%) were born in low-volume (10-500 births/y) hospitals. More than one-third of obstetric hospitals (37.4%; 10 064 hospital-years) were low volume. A total of 46 states had obstetric hospitals in all volume categories. Among low-volume hospitals, 18.9% (1904 hospital-years) were not within 30 miles of any other obstetric hospital and 23.9% (2400 hospital-years) were within 30 miles of a hospital with more than 2000 deliveries/y. Isolated hospitals (those without another obstetric hospital within 30 miles) were more frequently low volume, with 58.4% (1112 hospital-years) located in noncore rural areas.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
In this cohort study, marked variations were found in birth volume, geographic distribution, proximity, and urban adjacency among US obstetric hospitals from 2010 to 2018. The findings related to geographic isolation and rural-urban distribution of low-volume obstetric hospitals suggest the need to balance proximity with volume to optimize effective referral and access to high-quality perinatal care.
Topics: Adult; Birth Rate; Cohort Studies; Female; Geographic Mapping; Hospitals; Humans; Obstetrics; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; United States
PubMed: 34623408
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.25373 -
Fertility and Sterility Oct 2020To investigate the embryo retention (ER) rate in embryo transfer (ET) cycles and its effects on reproductive outcomes.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the embryo retention (ER) rate in embryo transfer (ET) cycles and its effects on reproductive outcomes.
DESIGN
Matched retrospective cohort study.
SETTING
A tertiary hospital-based reproductive medicine center.
PATIENT(S)
A total of 6,089 ET cycles were performed from January 2013 to December 2018 in our unit.
INTERVENTION(S)
Each woman was matched with two separate control subjects of the same age (±1 year), embryo condition, main causes of infertility, type of protocol used for fresh or frozen ET cycles.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
ER rate, implantation, clinical pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, and live birth rate.
RESULTS
The overall incidence of ER was 1.59% (97/6,089). A significantly increased ER rate was observed in fresh ET cycles compared with frozen transfer cycles (2.71% vs. 1.08%). In fresh transfer cycles, the rate of mucus in or on the catheter after ET in ER group was significantly higher than in the non-ER group (48.09% vs. 13.65%). A total of 194 non-ER cycles were matched to the ER group. Compared with the matched group, the ER group was associated with a significantly lower clinical pregnancy rate (32.98% vs. 48.96%), implantation rate (20.88% vs. 35.97%), and live birth rate (22.68% vs. 37.63%, P<.01), and a higher ectopic pregnancy rate (12.50% vs. 3.16%).
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that ER rate is correlated with mucus on or in the transfer catheter in fresh transfer cycles. Retained embryos are associated with lower implantation, clinical pregnancy, live birth, and increases risk of ectopic pregnancy.
Topics: Adult; Birth Rate; Case-Control Studies; Catheters; Cohort Studies; Embryo Implantation; Embryo Transfer; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Rate; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 32771257
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.04.043